THE COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE SHOOTS OF DWARF ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS) INTRODUCED IN RUSSIA

DOI: https://doi.org/None
Issue: 
6
Year: 
2016

Z.M. Tokhsyrova; A.S. Nikitina, PhD; Professor O.I. Popova, PhD; F.M. Melikov, PhD; I.V. Popov, PhD Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch, Volgograd State Medical University; 11, Kalinin Pr., Pyatigorsk 357500, Russian Federation

Introduction. Dwarf rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is widely cultivated for the needs in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The predominant components of rosemary essential oil are 1,8-cineole and α-pinene. The qualitative composition of the essential oil depends on the place of plant growth. Objective: to investigate the component composition of essential oil from the shoots of dwarf rosemary introduced in the North Caucasus and in the Republic of Crimea. Material and methods. The object of the investigation was dried unlignified dwarf rosemary shoots harvested in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden and in the Botanical Garden, Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute. The essential oil was isolated from the raw material by hydrodistillation. The physicochemical parameters (appearance, specific gravity, and refractive index) of the essential oil were determined in accordance with the requirements of the general article «Essential Oils» in the State Pharmacopoeia. The component composition of rosemary essential oil was examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results. The content of essential oil in the raw material samples collected in the North Caucasus and Crimea was 1.12 and 2.40%, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the obtained essential oil samples were studied. The essential oil of dwarf rosemary introduced in the North Caucasus was found to contain 59 components and that of rosemary grown in the Republic of Crimea had 45 components. Dominant components were established for each essential oil sample. Conclusion. The qualitative composition and quantitative parameters of essential oil from the shoots of dwarf rosemary introduced in the North Caucasus and in the Republic of Crimea were investigated. Among the identified components of rosemary essential oils, there was a preponderance of cineole, bornyl acetate, isoborneol, α-pinene, and d-verbenone. Sesquiterpenes were represented by humulene and humulene-l-2-epoxide. Cineole and isoborneol can be used to certify essential oil from dwarf rosemary.

Keywords: 
dwarf rosemary
Rosmarinus officinalis L.
essential oil
content
qualitative composition
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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