IMPACT OF A PRESERVATION METHOD ON THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN APPLES

Download full text PDF
DOI: https://doi.org/None
Issue: 
3
Year: 
2017

N.V. Nesterova; Professor I.A. Samylina, PhD I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; 8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Introduction. In the Russian Federation, wild apple trees grow; among them crabapple (Malus silvestris) trees are most common. Domesticated apple (Malus domestica) trees are widely cultivated in Russia. Apples contain a rich complex of biologically active substances (BAS) that can be considered as a promising medicinal plant raw material. Objective: to comparatively analyze the content of various groups of BAS in fresh, dried, and frozen apples. Material and methods. The investigation objects were fresh, frozen, and dried crabapple fruits stored in 2 districts of the Moscow Region (Russian Federation) and those of 3 varieties of cultivated domesticated apple trees. The fruits were dried at 60–80°C, frozen at -18°C. The content of tannins, arbutin, and organic acids were determined by titration and that of pectins was estimated gravimetrically. Results. The presence of arbutin in the apples was spectrally confirmed. The content of pectins, arbutin, tannins, and organic acids in the fresh, dried, and frozen fruits of crabapple and domesticated apple trees was comparatively analyzed. Tannins were maximally exposed to high temperatures; the pectin complex showed the highest stability. Conclusion. Drying fruits has the highest impact on the reduction of BAS levels whereas the use of the freezing technique adopted in the food industry provides their significant preservation.
Keywords: 
crabapple (Malus sylvestris Mill.)
domesticated apple (Malus domestica Barkh.)
plant material preservation methods
pectins
arbutin
tannins
organic acids
content
References: 
  1. Rylina E.V. Opredelenie indikatornyh fenol`nyh soedineniy neflavonoidnoy prirody v lekarstvennom i pishhevom rastitel`nom syr`e metodom VE`ZhH. Diss.kand. farm. nauk. M., 2010.
  2. Gosch C., Halbwirth H., Kuhn J., Miosic S. Biosynthesis of phlorizidin in apple (Malusdomestica Borkh.). Plant Science, 2009; 176 (2): 223 –31.
  3. Sergunova E.V. Vliyanie sposobov konservacii na kachestvo lekarstvennogo rastitel`nogo syr`ya. Sechenovskiy vestnik, 2015; 1: 69–70.
  4. Sergunova E.V. Izuchenie sostava biologicheski aktivnyh veshhestv lekarstvennogo rastitel`nogo syr`ya razlichnyh sposobov konservacii i lekarstvennyh preparatov na ego osnove. Avtoref. diss. dokt. farm. nauk. M., 2016; 48.
  5. Nesterova N.V., Abizov E.A. Izuchenie sorbcionnoy sposobnosti i fitohimicheskiy analiz zhoma plodov yabloni lesnoy i domashney. Voprosy obespecheniya kachestva lekarstvennyh sredstv, 2014; 4: 40–7.
  6. Matyushhenko N.V., Stepanova T.A. Standartizaciya plodov ryabiny, Farmaciya, 2003; 5: 16–20.
  7. Kurkin V.A., Ryazanova T.K., Platonov I.A., Pavlova L.V. Kolichestvennoe opredelenie arbutina v list`yah toloknyanki obyknovennoy. Himiya rastitel`nogo syr`ya, 2015; 1: 95–100.